A Brief History of the Avengers

Early Days
The group began with the random teaming of Thor, Iron Man, Ant-Man, Wasp and Hulk, who joined forces to thwart the Asgardian menace Loki in response to a call for help from Hulk's teen sidekick, Rick Jones. Pym suggested the heroes remain together as a team, and his partner Wasp suggested they call themselves "something colorful and dramatic, like...the Avengers." The name stuck, and a legend was born.

Iron Man provided the group with financing and high-tech equipment in his dual identity as rich industrialist Tony Stark, donating his Manhattan residence to serve as their headquarters, Avengers Mansion. Stark's butler, Edwin Jarvis, stayed on as the mansion's principal servant and chief of staff, becoming a valued friend, confidant and advisor to the group. Stark also drew up a charter and by-laws to guide the team, and sought A-1 security clearance from the federal government, but he encountered resistance from the team's first National Security Council liaison, Special Agent Murch, and the general public regarded the new team somewhat uneasily. Much of this early skepticism focused on the monstrous Hulk, who soon quit the team in a fit of rage, but the group's image improved dramatically after they recruited long-lost war hero Captain America, who became the inspirational cornerstone of the Avengers. Thanks largely to his presence, the team won its A-1 security status and rapidly became the most respected super-hero team of its generation. This newfound prestige was sorely tested when the remaining founders retired from active duty for various personal reasons, leaving "Cap" alone to lead a roster of unlikely new recruits, all former criminals: the outlaw archer Hawkeye, and mutant terrorist twin siblings Quicksilver and the Scarlet Witch. The public was baffled, but Iron Man hoped that rehabilitating them might make up for the team's early failure with the Hulk. The new roster proved him right, and "Cap's Kooky Quartet" did the founders proud. All four of them went on to long service records with the Avengers. Hawkeye in particular became a valued mainstay of the team second only to his mentor, Cap.

Rise to Prominence
Avengers membership proved very fluid over the years. Thor, Iron Man, Pym and Wasp would all return for further tours of duty, though the unstable Pym did so in a series of alternate identities as Giant-Man, Goliath (an identity also used temporarily by Hawkeye), Yellowjacket and Doctor Pym. The four returning founders would all serve stints as team leader, too, and the group produced a series of impressive leaders over the years, notably Captain America, Wasp, Hawkeye and Iron Man. New recruits during the team's early years included the Swordsman (exposed as a double agent and expelled), Hercules, the Black Panther, the android Vision, and the Black Knight. Alien hero Captain Mar-Vell became one of the team's staunchest allies during the cosmic Kree-Skrull War. The Black Widow joined the team after years as an unofficial ally. A reformed Swordsman rejoined alongside his enigmatic lover Mantis, though he died protecting her from Kang and she soon left Earth to fulfill her prophesied destiny as the Celestial Madonna. Moondragon, Beast, Hellcat and Two-Gun Kid became members, though all but Beast opted for reserve status; the group attracted associates such as the aging speedster Whizzer, Wonder Man, the robotic Jocasta, the time-spanning 31st century Guardians of the Galaxy, and Ms. Marvel (later Warbird), all of whom helped the team oppose the mad man-god Korvac.

By this time, the paranoid and combative federal agent Henry Peter Gyrich had become the team's new government liaison. He imposed reductions and modifications of the team's membership, during which time Falcon and Ms. Marvel joined, but he was eventually reassigned. The team worked more smoothly with subsequent liaisons such as Raymond Sikorsky, who later betrayed them by aiding a government conspiracy against the Vision, and lifelong Avengers fan Duane Freeman, who was killed by Kang. A humbled Gyrich would later redeem himself by serving admirably as the Avengers liaison to the United Nations. Meanwhile, the team continued to add new members such as Wonder Man, Tigra, She-Hulk, a new Captain Marvel, and Starfox. Rambeau (Captain Marvel) in particular proved to be one of the team's most formidable and respected members.

The West Coast
When Vision was the chairman of the Avengers he petitioned the U.S. government to approve the establishment of a second team of active Avengers to be based on the West Coast. Getting official clearance, the Vision appointed Hawkeye to be the new team's chairman and sent him to Los Angeles, California, to set up a base of operations. The Avengers opened the second headquarters at Avengers Compound, manned by both Avengers veterans and new recruits. The western roster was led first and longest by Hawkeye, but the expansion team gradually deteriorated under later leaders and was shut down after major losses of resources and personnel.

Early adventures established the West Coast team as slightly more irreverent than their East Coast counterparts, taking upon themselves the nickname 'Wackos'. This period saw the mental deterioration of Henry Pym, who was helping the team as a scientific advisor. Pym suffered a nervous breakdown and became suicidal.

The team became stranded in the past, its members separated in various historic eras within the Marvel Universe. While most of the team was caught in ancient Egypt, Mockingbird was held captive in the Wild West by the Phantom Rider, who used amnesiac drugs to convince her that she was his lover. Parallel to this adventure ran the salvation of Henry Pym, and his return to heroics. Moon Knight helped rescue the team, and he and Pym accepted invitations to join the team.

The adventure in time left repercussions for the team to deal with. Mockingbird and Hawkeye separated after he discovered she had allowed the Phantom Rider to fall to his death because of personal reasons, and the rift was exacerbated when she proved instrumental in a plot by several world governments to abduct and dismantle the Vision for his near takeover of the world. The Vision was reassembled, but his personality was largely a blank, emotionless state. Wonder Man, who as the Vision's "twin" also harbored feelings for the Scarlet Witch, refused to serve as a template for his brother's thoughts again. The original Human Torch was also revived, leading to doubts as to what the Vision actually was. The Human Torch later joined the Team. Later recruits included Spider-Woman (Julia Carpenter) and Living Lightning.

After the events of "Operation: Galactic Storm" Hawkeye reassumed his Goliath identity temporarily, during which time he and Mockingbird managed to reconcile. Iron Man and Wonder Man left the team, and War Machine and Darkhawk joined, the latter as a reservist.

Shortly after an attack on the base by Ultron the East Coast team convened a meeting with the West Coast branch to discuss the future of the team. It was voted on and decided that due to an ever-changing membership, in-fighting among the members and attacks on the Compound it had proven too costly to maintain a separate branch of Avengers and the team was to be folded back into the East Coast branch. However, several members of the West Coast team, including Iron Man, were unhappy with this decision, and resigned from the Avengers entirely. They went on to form the new Force Works.

Force Works Era
After a long period of disagreeing with Avengers' policies and direction, Iron Man voted to disband the West Coast Avengers to form his own proactive team: Force Works. He recruited some of his former teammates: the Scarlet Witch, who assumed leadership duties, and Spider-Woman, U.S.Agent and Wonder Man. Serving as support staff were Fisher Todd (tech support), Amanda Chaney (public relations) and Consuela (maid and nanny). The group was based in former Stark Enterprises R&D facility the Works, including a virtual reality training area (the VROOM Room) and holographic master computer PLATO (Piezo-electrical Logistic Analytic Tactical Operator). Stark's ideological basis for the team's existence was that heroes should respond to crisis situations before they swelled out of control. The Scarlet Witch's hex powers were expected to interface with PLATO's probability programs, predicting crisis points.

Unfortunately, the team's first mission was beyond PLATO's ability to predict - the Starstealth, a group of Kree warriors, came to Earth alongside a Recorder android, erroneously believing that Wonder Man and the Vision had destroyed their homeworld, Hala. During a confrontation at the old Avengers West Coast facility, the Kree's powerful Ion Cannon threatened to destroy the Earth. Wonder Man seemingly died ending the threat, and the team's forces were bolstered by the unexpected arrival of amnesiac alien Century. Century was followed by the Scatter, carnivorous colony insects who laid waste to whole worlds. Force Works drove them away from Earth after a fierce battle in the streets of Houston, Texas.

Flush with early success but still reeling from Wonder Man's death, Force Works embarked on a series of globe-trotting adventures: in the Baltic nation Slorenia, they encountered the mystic champion of an oppressed people, Ember, and the armored warrior Black Brigade; in Hong Kong, they united with War Machine against the Mandarin; and in Australia, they discovered a neophyte hero named Dreamguard, assisting him against the enigmatic alien Orphan. During these missions, the team was secretly hampered by the Recorder, who had remained with them following their initial mission. The Recorder's deceptions were eventually exposed after he aided the Starstealth in escaping from the metahuman prison known as the Vault.

After teaming with the Avengers against the Starstealth and escaping the clutches of an alien merchant named Broker, Force Works became embroiled in an elaborate scheme known as the Crossing. Iron Man, acting under the influence of Immortus (who was posing as Kang the Conqueror), betrayed the team's newest associate, Suzi Endo, replacing her with an alternate dimensional counterpart of herself who usurped her identity as Cybermancer. Moonraker, an alleged Space Phantom masquerading as a dimensionally displaced hero, joined the group, altering memories so that it seemed he had been a member for months and was romantically involved with Spider-Woman. Moonraker successfully sowed confusion and doubt, then led the team to Vietnam, distracting them from Immortus and his true plans. Force Works barely survived these events, working in tandem with the Avengers, but the group was without focus after Iron Man's departure. They remained together long enough to foil an attempt by counterparts of Wonder Man and Ultron to rescue the evil Suzi Endo, then most of the members went their separate ways, with the Scarlet Witch returning directly to the Avengers.

Continued Expansion
At the same time the original eastern roster continued to grow, adding recruits such as Sub-Mariner, Doctor Druid, The Captain (actually a temporarily re-costumed Captain America), Demolition Man, Gilgamesh, Mister Fantastic, Invisible Woman, Quasar, Sersi, Spider-Man, Stingray, Rage, Sandman, Crystal, Thunderstrike (who also served as an alternate Thor), Justice, Firestar, Triathlon, Silverclaw, the new Ant-Man and Captain Britain. Some of these served long stints, others only briefly, but all made some sort of mark with the team, as did more informal associates such as Marrina, a new Yellowjacket (Rita DeMara), a new Swordsman (Phillip Jarvert), Magdalene, Deathcry, Masque, and an alternate-timeline teenage Iron Man.

The group also suffered setbacks, going through many changes of leadership and several changes of headquarters, losing various members and even disbanding more than once (most notably following disastrous conflicts with Terminatrix and Onslaught), but the team always regrouped in some form or another, continuing to evolve and grow. Few heroes refused offers of Avengers membership, though allies who did decline the honor included Daredevil, Jessica Jones, Spider-Woman, Silver Surfer, Archangel, Iceman, Dazzler, Black Cat, Doc Samson, Shroud and Songbird.

The New Avengers
It required a threat from within to ultimately vanquish the original Avengers. The Scarlet Witch, whose mind had slowly been damaged by her reality-altering powers, caused a series of events which resulted in the apparent deaths of Hawkeye, Vision, Jack of Hearts and Ant-Man. The Avengers Mansion was completely destroyed, and Tony Stark's fortune was, at the time, too depleted to rebuild, and the remaining members disbanded.

Months later, much like the original inception of the team, a random gathering of heroes sparked the reformation of the Avengers. After teaming with Iron Man, Spider-Man, Luke Cage, Spider-Woman (Drew), Daredevil and Sentry to contain a mass breakout at the super-criminal prison known as the Raft, Captain America invited his six allies to join him in rebuilding the Avengers. Most of them accepted, though Daredevil declined and the unstable Sentry had gone into seclusion. Leading intelligence agency S.H.I.E.L.D. was reluctant to sanction a new Avengers team, but Captain America reminded them that his "full champion license" status with the government gives him the authority to assemble any team he requires for any given mission, so he required no approval from the authorities to reassemble the Avengers. Iron Man offered the top floors of his new Stark Tower skyscraper to serve as the team's high-tech headquarters (staffed again by ever-faithful Jarvis), and the group resolved to capture the forty-odd Raft escapees-starting with Sauron, the prisoner whose liberation by Electro had touched off the jailbreak.

Capturing Electro and tracking Sauron to the Savage Land, the new Avengers teamed with Wolverine to oppose an illegal Vibranium mining operation run by Sauron's Savage Land Mutates and an apparently rogue S.H.I.E.L.D. faction. In the end, a retaliatory strike by the mainstream S.H.I.E.L.D. organization wiped out the entire mining operation except for a recaptured Sauron, conveniently eliminating almost all evidence and witnesses apart from the Avengers. Shaken by this, and by their discovery along the way that the Raft had been stockpiling supposedly deceased super-criminals held in reserve for unknown purposes, the Avengers have secretly dedicated themselves to rooting out the institutional corruption behind these events and have recruited Wolverine, whose espionage background and ruthless attitude are seen as assets for the team.

Realizing the potential danger of a loose canon Sentry, Iron Man held a secret conclave with the Illuminati and organized a large team to track down the hero. The Sentry warned the Avengers of his alter ego, the Void, who assaulted the Avengers and the other heroes. With the help of Emma Frost, the Sentry gained control of the Void. The Sentry accepted membership into the Avengers, which they hoped would prevent him becoming another Scarlet Witch situation. Returning to Stark Tower, the Avengers were stunned to find the Sentry's Watchtower located directly above theirs.

Tracking down the Silver Samurai (one of the escaped criminals from the Raft) to Japan with the help of Ronin, the Avengers found Hydra trying to strike a deal with the Hand and Clan Yashida. After defeating the forces of the Hand and Hydra, the Avengers confronted the Silver Samurai, who planned to stay in Japan to serve as a protector. Ronin returned to Japan to make sure that Samurai stayed out of trouble. Shortly after leaving, Spider-Woman freed Madame Hydra and accidentally nearly killed Captain America. When the Avengers interrogated her, she revealed that long before the Avengers had recruited her, she had lost her powers. Hydra approached her with the chance to regain her abilities provided she become a double agent for them in S.H.I.E.L.D. When Nick Fury learned this, he agreed to reinstate Spider-Woman into S.H.I.E.L.D. provided that she play a double agent for him. Spider-Woman regained her powers and things went smoothly until Nick Fury went underground and left Spider-Woman with no one to trust. The Avengers realized the situation, but before they could act, they were forced to go public since the Watchtower had alerted the public to their presence.

House of M and Civil War
Soon after this, Professor Charles Xavier and Dr. Strange called a meeting with the Avengers and the X-Men to determine the fate of the Scarlet Witch, ultimately triggering a reality-altering event after which the world's mutant population was largely de-powered. The Avengers subsequently fought a being comprised of the mutant energy of the de-powered mutants. The Superhuman Registration Act seems poised to split the team in twain, but, since the idea of the Avengers has always been particularly resilient, it seems unlikely that the current rift will be permanent.